Important Dates to the Achievement of Collective Rights of the Métis

1869-1870: Louis Riel was the president of the Métis. He won both of the cause of booth Métis and Francophone rights in what became western Canada. The provisional government reflected the perspective of Francophone and the Métis Red River. The Manitoba Act was resulted by the Métis Red River Resistance, which wore also passed by the Canada's parliament. With education rights for Catholics, Protestants, and Métis land rights, the Act established Manitoba as a bilingual province. The act specified the Métis would receive more than 500 000 hectares of land in addition to the farms they had established along the Red River. 

1875-1879: Instead of establishing Métis lands in Manitoba,Canada’s government disagreed script to the Métis. Canada's government also gave a choice to the Métis that whether to accept  or to become “treaty Indians” under a Numbered Treaty. Canada's government didn't have the conception of the Métis having as much as  rights to the land as First Nation's had possessed.Whereas the Métis had and have been always judged their rights to the land as aboriginal people.

1885:
       North West resistance protected the Métis land which is now called Saskatchewan. In Canadian history Canadian's had and have different meaning of this occurance.Unlike Red River Resistance, for many Métis it was the way to support their rights.For other ___ including Canada’s government at the time__, it was an attempt to overthrow Canada’s authority. 

Louis Riel also led the Northwest Resistance, which ended in a military conflict between the Métis and Canada’s government. The Métis had sent petitions to Canada’s government about their land right, but the Canada’s government did not respond.

1896-1910: Catholic Church provided land for Métis settlers in which, they established farms at St. Paul des Métis ___ near what is today St. Paul Alberta. The Métis did not have title to this land; however, when the settlement was over, they had to leave.

1938: The Métis Association of Alberta and the Territories of the North - West privileged Alberta's government to set aside land for the Métis. Alberta’s government passed the Métis population Betterment Act in 1938, which established twelve temporary Métis settlements. It was the first time in Canada’s history, the government provided Métis with a land.  

1940-1960: The temporary settlements didn't give the Métis control of the land. When the four settlements didn't approve for farming, hunting, fishing, the settlements were closed and the land came back to the government of Canada.

This picture shows James Brandy, Malcom Norris, Felix Calihoo, Peter Tomkins, and Joseph Dion.
L'Association des Métis de l'Alberta and is now the Métis Nation of Alberta. In 1932, during the Great Depression, the association took the action to help improve the lives of the Métis, because many of the Métis were suffered by depression. It lobbied for Métis settlements, but not everyone agreed on the role land should play in the Métis future.

1982: The Métis lobbied for recognition in Canada's constitution. When the constition has changed (patriated) , it included section 35, which recognizes the Métis as one of Canada's Aboriginal peoples with rights.

Section 35

Constitution Act , 1982

The existing Aboriginal and treaty rights of the Aboriginal and Treaty rights of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada are recognized and affirmed.

Aboriginal peoples include the Indian, Inuit, and Métis people of Canada.

1990: Alberta's Government made a bill (enacted) of legislation under where the Métis were given settlements/land where they could sovereign themselves. The legislation included:

• Constitution of Alberta Amendment Act.
• Métis Settlements Accord Implementation Act.
• Métis settlements Act.
• Métis Settlements Land Protection Act.
  
  In addition, the Alberta's Government agreed to establish the right of the Métis to participate in the developement of oil and gas resources on settlement lands.

Métis settlements in Alberta 2007



2003: The Supreme Court decided that the Métis should have the right to hunt and fish. These rights recognize the unique relationship to the land of the Métis, based in history and their inherits rights as an Aboriginal people.

2004: In two separate negotiations, the Métis Settlements General Council and the Métis Nation of Alberta made agreements with the Alberta's government to admit and recognize the hunting and fishing rights of the Métis. The agreements made sure that the Métis could hunt and fish for food, and that they didn't need licenses. In 2007, the Alberta government put rules in place that restricted these rights without agreement from the Métis organizations. Albertans have different perspectives about the Métis' harvesting rights. Some believe in the rights and see them as part of the Métis' heritage as an Aboriginal people. Others believe everyone in Alberta should have the same rights to hunt and fish, under laws and licensing regulations set by provincial government.


2006: In April, the Métis in Manitoba launched a court case seeking repayment for land promised, but not delivered, in the Manitoba Act.

Picture References:
http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/socstud/riel/riel_poster.gif
http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/30/metislanddispersal.shtml
http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photos-old-map-of-western-canada--image4252208
http://cdn.dipity.com/uploads/events/72279ca312e930c9b19737e82ebafad0_1M.png
http://www.xtimeline.com/__UserPic_Large/100635/evt110314092400101.jpg
http://cdn.dipity.com/uploads/events/0f580c88826f0b0cc97aaa087f4356e2_1M.png
http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=script+to+metis+by+canada+in+1875&hl=en&sa=G&rlz=1C1GGGE_enCA470CA470&biw=1280&bih=709&tbm=isch&tbnid=tO8pCCOeVGLrGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/30/metislanddispersal.shtml&docid=yku1riiUtH3iDM&imgurl=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/30/metislanddispersal3.jpg&w=500&h=398&ei=mvsxT8HxDor9iQL_87GGCg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=987&vpy=398&dur=2643&hovh=200&hovw=252&tx=153&ty=89&sig=108811115375018745630&page=1&tbnh=166&tbnw=207&start=0&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:16,s:0
http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=louis+riel&hl=en&sa=G&rlz=1C1GGGE_enCA470CA470&biw=1280&bih=709&tbm=isch&tbnid=BpBWTdpkXqPVGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/socstud/riel/index.html&docid=1F0i6AZW_CcNxM&imgurl=http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/socstud/riel/riel_poster.gif&w=279&h=425&ei=NvsxT8eCHsmgiQLe--mrCg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=635&vpy=314&dur=139&hovh=277&hovw=182&tx=119&ty=125&sig=108811115375018745630&page=1&tbnh=141&tbnw=93&start=0&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:11,s:0
http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=northwest+resistance&hl=en&sa=G&rlz=1C1GGGE_enCA470CA470&biw=1280&bih=709&tbm=isch&tbnid=TpH0vQqJGZOoNM:&imgrefurl=http://library.usask.ca/spcoll/exhibitionsarchive/northwestresistence.php&docid=5yy8npVnTuOBNM&imgurl=http://library.usask.ca/spcoll/images/NortwestResistanceExhibit.png&w=600&h=776&ei=4fsxT5b2DofciQKr8_WwCg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=186&vpy=332&dur=347&hovh=184&hovw=142&tx=126&ty=204&sig=108811115375018745630&page=1&tbnh=145&tbnw=112&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:0
http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=metis+land+for+the+first+time+in+history&hl=en&sa=G&rlz=1C1GGGE_enCA470CA470&biw=1280&bih=709&tbm=isch&tbnid=RbQWyo-CtoFrfM:&imgrefurl=http://scaa.sk.ca/ourlegacy/exhibit_metisculture&docid=SnYfli23XXgkLM&imgurl=http://scaa.sk.ca/ourlegacy/images/metis/large/XIII-197-OurLand-p20-lg.jpg&w=760&h=1044&ei=Rf0xT61UgeKIAuGEucQK&zoom=1